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Fatigue risk management system (FRMS)

A fatigue risk management system (FRMS) is a documented, risk-based approach to managing fatigue across an organisation. It provides structure beyond ad hoc roster changes or reactive incident response.

FRMS is widely referenced in transport and other safety-critical sectors, but the underlying principles apply wherever shift work, long hours, or circadian disruption create fatigue-related risk.

A typical FRMS includes:

Component Purpose
Governance Defines roles, accountability, and decision authority
Policy Sets organisational expectations on rest, hours, and reporting
Risk assessment Identifies fatigue hazards and evaluates controls
Controls Roster design, rest rules, monitoring, and worker engagement
Assurance Audits, reviews, and continuous improvement
Training Ensures staff understand fatigue risks and reporting routes

A checklist approach may verify that rest periods exist on paper. An FRMS aims to manage fatigue risk in live operations — accounting for actual workload, disruption, commuting, and individual factors.

FRMS should be proportionate to the organisation’s risk profile. A small logistics depot and a national rail operator will need different levels of formality, but both benefit from clear governance.

When establishing or reviewing an FRMS:

  • Engage operational staff, safety representatives, and competent persons early
  • Align with existing safety management systems rather than creating parallel bureaucracy
  • Define measurable indicators — such as overtime patterns, reportable fatigue events, and roster stability
  • Plan for periodic review as operations, contracts, or workforce change

Sector-specific FRMS guidance (e.g. RSSB, CAA, ORR expectations) will be added with source citations. Content should be reviewed by competent persons before operational use.